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The physical optics approximation is applied to calculate the backscattering Mueller matrix and the depolarization and color ratios for quasi-horizontally oriented hexagonal ice plates of cirrus clouds in the case of a tilted lidar. It is shown that the backscatter reveals some features caused by the corner reflection effect that is inherent to the pristine hexagonal ice plates. In particular, the backscatter creates sharp peaks of both the backscattering cross section and depolarization ratio at the lidar tilts of about 30 degrees off zenith. The experimental results obtained recently by Veselovskii et al. JQSRT, 2017;202:74–80 at the lidar tilt of 43 degrees have been interpreted as a partial manifestation of the corner reflection effect.
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Natalia V. Kustova, Anatoli G. Borovoi, Alexander V. Konoshonkin, Igor A. Veselovskii, "Appearance of the corner reflection effect in cirrus clouds for off-zenith lidar profiling," Proc. SPIE 10833, 24th International Symposium on Atmospheric and Ocean Optics: Atmospheric Physics, 1083346 (13 December 2018); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2504123