Rayleigh lidar measurements of temperature from 20 to 60 km have been carried out at the Yu.G. Shafer Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Aeronomy of the SB RAS, from 2004 to 2017. Observations were carried out from late August to mid-May. Dominant IGWs with wavelengths 2–4 km, 5–7 km, and 10–15 km was identified. Local variation maximum of the temperature profile is often observed at stratopause heights during sudden winter stratospheric warmings (SSWs).
During the launch of the Soyuz rocket on December 18, 2020 at 15:26 Moscow time from the Vostochny cosmodrome, we carried out observations on a monochromatic all-sky imager at the Maimaga optical station. A KeoSentry camera with interference filters at 630.0 557.7 and 620.0 nm (continuum) was used for observations. The shooting mode was set with an exposure of 20 seconds with a full revolution of all filters in 1 minute. Thin clouds were noted during the observations. During the flight of the zenith rocket of the Maimaga station on the 630.0 nm channel, a luminous strip was registered along the flight path. Moreover, this glow was not observed on other channels. The intensity of this band at the zenith was ~ 25 Rayleighs. This strip existed for about 30 minutes until it was completely blown away by the wind from the camera's field of view to the east. According to estimates of the strip drift, the wind speed at the glow height was ~ 130 m/s. The diffusion rate was ~ 250 m/s.
A mobile lidar station for measuring the temperature and aerosol stratification of the middle atmosphere is presented. The station is housed in a specially equipped 20-foot container and can be transported to any area for observation. Lidar is equipped with an NdYAG laser operating at a wavelength of 532 nm and a receiving telescope with a mirror diameter of 600 mm and allows measurements of atmospheric temperature from Rayleigh scattering up to 60 km. Currently, the lidar station is installed at the Maimaga optical test site located 130 km north of Yakutsk.
The results of an experimental research of the influence of winter stratospheric warming on the intensity of the muon component of secondary cosmic rays are presented. The paper compares the results of radiosonde and lidar measurements of the atmospheric temperature over Yakutsk and registration data of the underground complex of muon telescopes of the A.I. Kuzmin Yakutsk Cosmic Ray Spectrograph. The winter period of 2009-2011 is being considered. Because this period is due to a minimum of solar activity and, accordingly, the contribution of the Forbush effects to variations in the intensity of cosmic ray muons was minimal. The existence of a direct relationship between the muon counting intensity and the temperature of the winter atmosphere during sudden warming is shown. It was found that the largest contribution to the formation of muons is made by temperature variations at the tropopause level. This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on budget topic II.16.1.7. 0375-2018-0004 and RFBR grant No. 18-45-140034.
The paper presents the results of an analysis of the features of the spectral distribution of an aerosol optical depth (AOD) over the central part of Yakutia using monthly average data from a CIMEL CE-318 sun-sky photometer (AERONET). For the period 2004-2017, according to the data of the main optical characteristics (AOD and Angstrom parameter (A)), some anomalies in the spectral distribution of monthly mean AOD values were revealed.
In this work, the transparency of the atmosphere over the central part of Yakutia is classified using ground-based observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) for the period of 2004–2014. It is revealed that every year the days with the values of AOD corresponding to the class III of atmospheric transparency (turbid atmosphere) made up 25-30% of the total number of AOD measurement days.
The analysis of the horizontal and vertical parameters of internal gravity waves (IGW), recorded by two different optical methods. The first instrument is a stratospheric lidar with the possibility of vertical tracking of waves up to 60 km, the second instrument is a digital all-sky camera with an infrared filter (OH), which identify the horizontal characteristics of IGW at an altitude of 86-87 km. This paper presents an analysis of several coincidence cases for the period 2006–2008, when the instruments operated simultaneously and IGW passages were detected. The investigation of the IGW parameters such as: vertical and horizontal wavelengths, periods, phase velocities and propagation directions was made.
The paper presents the comparative characteristics of sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) observed during the winter from 2005 to 2017 over the polygon of the EAS of SHICRA SB RAS (~ 60 km to the south from Yakutsk). A comparison of the lidar temperature data with measurements from the satellite "Aura" was made. The dependence of SSW on the phase of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of the equatorial mean zonal wind and Nino 3.4 SST index .
This paper examines vertical temperature profiles of the middle atmosphere at heights from 25 to 60 km obtained with Rayleigh lidar near Yakutsk during the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) of major type in January, 2010. To study manifestations of wave processes in the temperature profiles the wavelet methods have been used. The continuous wavelet transformation has given a complete review of the temporal and spatial development of wave regime of the middle atmosphere. Thus vertical wavelengths as afunction depending on a height have been obtained , then so that an attempt to reveal corresponding wavelengths which caused SSW on the critical level in breaking.
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