Light, in many ways, is an ideal form of electromagnetic waves to probe and treat biological tissues. But biomedical optical techniques encounter an inevitable trade-off between resolution and penetration depth due to the strong scattering of light in tissue; existing microscopic optical modalities seldom can see beyond the so-called optical diffusion limit (~1 mm for human skin). In this talk, we summarize our endeavors in the past years of using the synergy of light and sound to achieve high-resolution optical imaging, focusing, and neuron activation in thick biological tissue based on the synergy of light and sound and optical wavefront shaping. Limitations, potential applications, and further direction are also discussed. The work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81671726 and no. 81627805), the Hong Kong Research Grant Council (no. 25204416), the Hong Kong Innovation and Technology Commission (no. ITS/022/18), and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission (no. JCYJ20170818104421564).
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