Effects of specific inhibitors and low irradiance visible light on the redox cycling of cytochrome c in isolated mitochondria using resonance Raman spectroscopy

Josh W. Lalonde; Gary D. Noojin; Nathaniel J. Pope; Samantha M. Powell; Vladislav V. Yakovlev; Michael L. Denton

doi:10.1117/12.2545236

11 March 2020 Effects of specific inhibitors and low irradiance visible light on the redox cycling of cytochrome c in isolated mitochondria using resonance Raman spectroscopy

Josh W. Lalonde, Gary D. Noojin, Nathaniel J. Pope, Samantha M. Powell, Vladislav V. Yakovlev, Michael L. Denton

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Proceedings Volume 11221, Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation Therapy XV; 112210F (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2545236
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2020, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Photobiomodulation (PBM), once known as low level laser therapy (LLLT), is a technique that uses light in the red and near infrared (NIR) range (600-900 nm) to elicit a beneficial physiological change in tissue. These physiological changes are thought to originate in the mitochondria by altering the metabolic rate for the electron transport chain (ETC). Resonance Raman spectroscopy at 532 nm was used to determine the reduction/oxidation (redox) state of cytochrome c in isolated mitochondria after exposure to low irradiance visible light. Mitochondria from porcine heart tissue were isolated and placed in a succinate buffer and then exposed to NIR (808 nm) light. Some enzymes involved in the ETC were selectively individually blocked and the resonance Raman spectra of cytochrome c redox state was measured before and after being illuminated by light representing photobiomodulation. By combining data on the cytochrome c redox state with the effects of inhibiting important enzymes, we can see what the impact of each enzyme in the ETC has on the effects we see from photobiomodulation. This method provides a better understanding on the underlying effects of photobiomodulation on the mitochondria, which can help direct efforts for targeted effects.

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Josh W. Lalonde, Gary D. Noojin, Nathaniel J. Pope, Samantha M. Powell, Vladislav V. Yakovlev, and Michael L. Denton "Effects of specific inhibitors and low irradiance visible light on the redox cycling of cytochrome c in isolated mitochondria using resonance Raman spectroscopy", Proc. SPIE 11221, Mechanisms of Photobiomodulation Therapy XV, 112210F (11 March 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2545236

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KEYWORDS

Near infrared

Raman spectroscopy

Spectroscopy

Defense and security

Visible radiation

Electron transport

Cyanide

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