The interfacing of electronics with biology is a rapidly growing field fueled by the development of new materials and devices. Along this direction, organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are triggering increasing attention and several bioelectronic applications have been demonstrated. OECTs provide bulk volumetric ionic-electronic coupling, thus enabling the seamless integration of bioelectronic. Here, starting from the OECT fundamentals, OECT-based integrated sensor architectures for enhanced and multifunctional ionic-to-electronic transduction and amplification are presented and discussed. Then, the concepts of local transduction and amplification as well as multiscale and reconfigurable sensor operations are presented and discussed. Finally, guidelines useful for the design of high-sensitivity OECT-based integrated bioelectronic sensors are provided.
|