Emerging evidence in animal models suggests external photobiomodulation (PBM) improves glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. But data on therapeutic targets is limited. Recently, duodenum has been gaining attention to the therapeutic potential for metabolic disease including type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We investigated the role and underlying mechanism on the duodenal light emitting diode PBM whether this modality could lower serum glucose level and improve hepatic parameters in T2DM animal model. This study identifies single session of duodenal multi-wavelength light emitting diode PBM affects improving hyperglycemia and hepatic parameters through increased serum insulin level, decreased insulin resistance, enhanced expression of insulin the pancreas, and change of gut microbiome and, thus representing the duodenum as an attractive therapeutic target for T2DM.
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