Distributed sapphire fiber sensors for steel-making industrial applications

Farhan Mumtaz; Hanok Tekle; Bohong Zhang; Jeffrey D. Smith; Ronald J. O'Malley; Rex E. Gerald II; Jie Huang

doi:10.1117/12.3014035

7 June 2024 Distributed sapphire fiber sensors for steel-making industrial applications

Farhan Mumtaz, Hanok Tekle, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald II, Jie Huang

Proceedings Volume 13044, Optical Waveguide and Laser Sensors III; 1304407 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014035
Event: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2024, National Harbor, Maryland, United States

Abstract

This research demonstrates femtosecond (FS) laser-written distributed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) sensors within sapphire crystalline fiber, tailored for steelmaking applications. The study precisely assesses sensor stability during a 72-hour exposure to severe conditions, including temperatures reaching 1600°C. The FBGs exhibit excellent signal strength and a maintained high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by averting external surface reactions with the sapphire fiber. Extensive annealing at 1600°C purifies the sheathing material. By utilizing an extended 1-meter sapphire fiber, this work surmounts the challenges of cascading FBGs in highly multimode waveguides, enabling FBG signal capture in demanding applications. This research enhances our comprehension of FBG performance in high-temperature environments and paves the way for robust optical fiber systems in steelmaking applications, including tundish probes and submerge entry nozzles (SEN) for molten metal casting. Additionally, the exceptional efficiency and precision of sapphire FBG sensors, in contrast to conventional thermocouples, offer the potential to boost productivity, lower energy consumption, and reduce the carbon footprint in the steel industry.

Conference Presentation

(2024) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Farhan Mumtaz, Hanok Tekle, Bohong Zhang, Jeffrey D. Smith, Ronald J. O'Malley, Rex E. Gerald II, and Jie Huang "Distributed sapphire fiber sensors for steel-making industrial applications", Proc. SPIE 13044, Optical Waveguide and Laser Sensors III, 1304407 (7 June 2024); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3014035

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