Paper
17 June 2003 Modeling and observations of modal structure in antiguided VCSEL array
Nickolai N. Elkin, Anatoly P. Napartovich, Dmitri V. Vysotsky, Vera N. Troshchieva, L. Bao, N. Kim, Delai Zhou, Luke J. Mawst
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Abstract
Modal behavior of a 2-D (square lattice geometry) antiguided vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) array was studied by 3-D bi-directional beam propagation method. Above threshold operation of leaky modes was simulated using multiple iterations. Besides, a method based on functions of Krylov’s subspace, was developed to find a number of array optical modes in a VCSEL array with gain and index distributions established by the oscillating mode. In calculations, both Fourier and space variable descriptions of beam propagation were combined. The FFT technique was used for calculations of the Fourier image and the original. Conditions are found for favorable lasing of the in-phase mode providing high laser beam quality. Experimentally realized 5x5 laser array was studied numerically. The 2-D antiguided array results from shifting the cavity resonance between the element and inter-element regions and is fabricated by selective chemical etching and two-step metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) growth. In-phase and out-of-phase array mode operation is observed from top-emitting rectangular arrays as large as 400 elements, depending on the inter-element width, in good agreement with theory.
© (2003) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Nickolai N. Elkin, Anatoly P. Napartovich, Dmitri V. Vysotsky, Vera N. Troshchieva, L. Bao, N. Kim, Delai Zhou, and Luke J. Mawst "Modeling and observations of modal structure in antiguided VCSEL array", Proc. SPIE 4994, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers VII, (17 June 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.475727
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Cited by 2 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers

Gallium arsenide

Chemical elements

Metals

Diffraction

Aluminum

Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition

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