A detailed theoretical and experimental study of the buried waveguide contour, which depends on exchange time and window width by Tl+-Na+ exchange techniques, is reported. Modeling, which includes the effect of ion-exchange time and window width, agrees well with our experiments showing that a buried waveguide contour depends on the relation of τ = square root of Defft and W/2. The same index profile is formed a curve in the interference fringes, and the refractive index profile is a semicircular or semielliptical in waveguide. These results may be used in the proper design of integrated optical circuits and self-focus microlens that need the semicircular or semielliptical waveguides at different sections, such as optical power splitters, diffractive waveguide gratings, and so on.
|