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An optical sensor for the continuous detection of pH in the interstitial fluid was developed. The pH sensing layer is
immobilised on the internal wall of a glass capillary which is in series with the microdialysis catheter. Phenol red is the
pH indicator and is covalently bound directly to the glass surface by means of the Mannich reaction. An optoelectronic
unit, which makes use of a light emitting diode at 590 nm as source and a photodiode as detector, is used for the
interrogation of the glass capillary. Optical fibres (core diameter: 200 &mgr;m) are used to couple the sensing capillary with
the unit. Effect of the ionic strength was studied and the performance of the sensor in contact with dialysed blood was
carefully investigated. Particular attention was given also to the pH recovery rate, which is given by the ratio between the
hydrogen ion concentration in the perfusate and the hydrogen ion concentration in the analysed medium. The pH sensor
works in the range 6-8 pH units and it is characterised by an accuracy of 0.07 pH units and a response time of the order
of the minute. Long term stability was checked and the sensor is perfectly working for a period of three days, when
exposed to dialysed blood. In vivo tests on animals and on volunteers are described.
F. Baldini,M. Ellmerer,A. Giannetti,H. Koehler,A. A. Mencaglia, andT. Pieber
"In-vivo continuous measurement of interstitial pH for intensive care applications", Proc. SPIE 6430, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems V, 643010 (6 February 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.705203
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F. Baldini, M. Ellmerer, A. Giannetti, H. Koehler, A. A. Mencaglia, T. Pieber, "In-vivo continuous measurement of interstitial pH for intensive care applications," Proc. SPIE 6430, Advanced Biomedical and Clinical Diagnostic Systems V, 643010 (6 February 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.705203