Saliva-based system for health and toxicology monitoring

D. B. Fenner; A. E. Stevens; D. I. Rosen; A. A. Ferrante; S. J. Davis

doi:10.1117/12.818834

5 May 2009 Saliva-based system for health and toxicology monitoring

D. B. Fenner, A. E. Stevens, D. I. Rosen, A. A. Ferrante, S. J. Davis

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 7306, Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security V and Biometric Technology for Human Identification VI; 73060B (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818834
Event: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, 2009, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

The practical utility of technologies for early detection of human exposure to a variety of toxic agents has been limited in many cases by the absence of instruments suitable for first responders and at field hospitals. Microarrays provide multiplexed assay of a large number of human biomarkers, including cytokines and chemokines, indicators of immune system health. Assay of saliva is less invasive and provides quick indication of exposure especially of the respiratory system. Our pilot clinical study has uncovered an early cytokine response in human saliva. As a model for respiratory exposure, a cohort of 16 adult volunteers was challenged with FluMist^TM vaccinations, an FDA approved, attenuated live influenza virus. Blood and saliva cytokine levels were monitored immediately prior to and up to 7 days afterwards. Bead assay found little change in blood cytokine levels while several of those in saliva were frequently elevated above two standard deviations on trial days one and three. We have developed a prototype portable saliva monitoring system consisting of microarray cytokine capture plate, luminescent reporter, and whole plate imaging. Assay is with a commercial 96-well plate spotted with up to 16 distinct biomarkers per well and read by chemiluminescence. A battery-powered, 16-bit, cooled-CCD camera and laptop PC provide imaging and data reduction. Detection limits of common inflammatory cytokines were measured at about 1-5 pg/ml which is within the clinically significant range for saliva of exposed individuals, as verified for samples from the small clinical trial. An expanded study of cytokine response in saliva of therapeutic radiation oncology patients is being launched.

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D. B. Fenner, A. E. Stevens, D. I. Rosen, A. A. Ferrante, and S. J. Davis "Saliva-based system for health and toxicology monitoring", Proc. SPIE 7306, Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security V and Biometric Technology for Human Identification VI, 73060B (5 May 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818834

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KEYWORDS

Blood

Cameras

Calibration

Clinical trials

Chemiluminescence

Luminescence

Radiotherapy

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