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Venus is one of the many significant scientific targets for NASA. New rock sampling tools with the ability to be
operated at high temperatures of the order of 460°C are required for surface in-situ sampling/analysis missions.
Piezoelectric materials such as LiNbO3 crystals and Bismuth Titanate are potentially operational at the temperature range
found on the surface of Venus. A study of the feasibility of producing piezoelectric drills for a temperature up to 500°C
was conducted. The study includes investigation of the high temperature properties of piezoelectric crystals and ceramics
with different formulas and doping. Several prototypes of Ultrasonic/Sonic Drill/Corers (USDC) driven by transducers
using the high temperate piezoelectric ceramics and single LiNbO3 crystal were fabricated. The transducers were
analyzed by scanning the impedance at room temperature and 500°C under both low and high voltages. The drilling
performances were tested at temperature up to 500°C. Preliminary results were previously reported [Bao et al, 2009]. In
this paper, the progress is presented and the future works for performance improvements are discussed.
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Xiaoqi Bao, Yoseph Bar-Cohen, James Scott, Stewart Sherrit, Scott Widholm, Mircea Badescu, Tom Shrout, Beth Jones, "Ultrasonic/sonic drill for high temperature application," Proc. SPIE 7647, Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2010, 764739 (1 April 2010); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.847456