Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources for frequency domain photon migration

Thomas D. O'Sullivan; Keun-Sik No; Alex Matlock; Brian Hill; Albert E. Cerussi; Bruce J. Tromberg

doi:10.1117/12.2082778

12 March 2015 Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources for frequency domain photon migration

Thomas D. O'Sullivan, Keun-Sik No, Alex Matlock, Brian Hill, Albert E. Cerussi, Bruce J. Tromberg

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Proceedings Volume 9319, Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue XI; 93192A (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2082778
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2015, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Frequency domain photon migration (FDPM) uses modulated laser light to measure the bulk optical properties of turbid media and is increasingly being applied for noninvasive functional medical imaging. Though semiconductor edge emitting laser diodes (EELs) have been traditionally used for this application, we show that VCSELs exhibit performance characteristics suitable for FDPM measurements of tissue optical properties. Their output power and modulation characteristics are more than sufficient for optical property recovery. In addition, their small size, high efficiency, low cost, and simple packaging make them an attractive choice as components in clinical FDPM systems. We demonstrate a unique, compact optical probe that was enabled by VCSEL technology.

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Thomas D. O'Sullivan, Keun-Sik No, Alex Matlock, Brian Hill, Albert E. Cerussi, and Bruce J. Tromberg "Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources for frequency domain photon migration", Proc. SPIE 9319, Optical Tomography and Spectroscopy of Tissue XI, 93192A (12 March 2015); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2082778

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