Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been investigated for stimulation biological processes including wound healing and pain recovery. Therefore, in this study, the effects of PBM under BL, Visible, and NIR laser irradiations on prostate cancer cells were evaluated to establish safety margins. In in vitro and in vivo studies, BL showed upregulated expression of VEGF, HIF-1α, and EGFR, whereas TGF- β1 was downregulated. These results suggested that BL irradiation can stimulate cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and hypoxia, leading to aggressive tumor growth. These outcomes can provide a safety margin for the response of PBM-related stimulation after laser treatment.
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