Translation of photoacoustic (PA) imaging for abdominal imaging requires an optimized optical illumination for deep tissue light delivery. Simulations-based optimization of laser beam size has not been tested for deep imaging depths (< 0.5 cm). Additionally, while conventional PA imaging uses wavelengths in the first near infrared (NIR) window, tissue attenuation is minimized in the NIR-2 window, allowing for greater fluence penetration. In this study, Monte-Carlo simulated fluence maps were validated using PA images acquired of a lead-polystyrene phantom with lead positioned at multiple depths (1-4 cm) and illuminated with a 750 nm beam of varying widths (0.8-2.0 cm). At imaging depths of 4 cm, a 2× increase in fluence deposition when increasing beam diameter by a factor of 1.5, was consistently observed between MC simulations and experimental imaging. Using an optimized 1064 nm beam with a 1.6 cm beam, an 8× increase in deposited fluence at similar depths is observed.
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