Image quality and radiation dose in spinal surgery: a comparison of three imaging systems in phantom

Margherita Casiraghi; Maria Antonietta Piliero; Luca Bellesi; Mathieu Dufour; Anindita Chatterjea; Pietro Scarone; Stefano Presilla

doi:10.1117/1.JMI.10.3.035001

9 June 2023 Image quality and radiation dose in spinal surgery: a comparison of three imaging systems in phantom

Margherita Casiraghi, Maria Antonietta Piliero, Luca Bellesi, Mathieu Dufour, Anindita Chatterjea, Pietro Scarone, Stefano Presilla

Author Affiliations +

Journal of Medical Imaging, Vol. 10, Issue 3, 035001 (June 2023). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.10.3.035001

Abstract

Purpose

Using optimal settings for x-ray scans is crucial for obtaining three-dimensional images of high quality while keeping the patient dose low. Our work compares dose and image quality (IQ) of three intraoperative imaging systems [O-arm cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), ClarifEye C-arm CBCT, and Airo computed tomography] used for spinal surgery.

Approach

Patients of 70, 90, and 110 kg were simulated with an anthropomorphic phantom by adding tissue-equivalent material. Titanium inserts were placed in the phantom spine for reproducing metal artifacts in the images. Organ dose was measured with thermo-luminescent dosimeters for effective dose (E) calculation. Subjective IQ was assessed by ranking the images acquired with the manufacturer-defined imaging protocols. Objective IQ was assessed with a customized Catphan phantom.

Results

The ClarifEye protocols resulted in the lowest E ranging from 1.4 to 5.1 mSv according to phantom size and protocol. The highest E was measured for the high-definition protocol of O-arm (E 2.2 to 9 mSv) providing the best subjective IQ for imaging of the spine without titanium inserts. For the images with metal, the best IQ was obtained with ClarifEye. Airo (E 5.5 to 8.4 mSv) was ranked with the lowest IQ for images without metal while the rank improved for images with metal. Airo images had better uniformity, noise, and contrast sensitivity compared with CBCTs but worse high-contrast resolution. The values of these parameters were comparable between the CBCT systems.

Conclusions

Both CBCT systems provided better IQ compared with Airo for navigation of lumbar spinal surgery for the original phantom. Metal artifacts particularly affect O-arm images decreasing the subjective IQ. The high spatial resolution of CBCT systems resulted in a relevant parameter for the visibility of anatomical features important for spine navigation. Low dose protocols were enough to obtain a clinically acceptable contrast-to-noise ratio in the bones.

Citation Download Citation

Margherita Casiraghi, Maria Antonietta Piliero, Luca Bellesi, Mathieu Dufour, Anindita Chatterjea, Pietro Scarone, and Stefano Presilla "Image quality and radiation dose in spinal surgery: a comparison of three imaging systems in phantom," Journal of Medical Imaging 10(3), 035001 (9 June 2023). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.10.3.035001

Received: 12 July 2022; Accepted: 19 May 2023; Published: 9 June 2023

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KEYWORDS

Imaging systems

Surgery

Cone beam computed tomography

Image quality

Titanium

Modulation transfer functions

Bone

Purpose

Approach

Results

Conclusions

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