Femtosecond laser-written double-cladding waveguides in Nd:GdVO4 crystal: Raman analysis, guidance, and lasing

Hongliang Liu; Javier R. Vázquez de Aldana; Magdalena Aguiló; Francesc Díaz; Feng Chen; Airán Ródenas Seguí

doi:10.1117/1.OE.53.9.097105

9 September 2014 Femtosecond laser-written double-cladding waveguides in Nd:GdVO₄ crystal: Raman analysis, guidance, and lasing

Hongliang Liu, Javier R. Vázquez de Aldana, Magdalena Aguiló, Francesc Díaz, Feng Chen, Airán Ródenas Seguí

Author Affiliations +

Funded by: National Natural Science Foundation of China, Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China, Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China

Optical Engineering, Vol. 53, Issue 9, 097105 (September 2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.9.097105

Abstract

We report on waveguide lasers at 1064.5 nm in femtosecond laser-written double-cladding waveguides in Nd:GdVO₄ crystals. The cladding waveguides guide both transverse electric (TE)- and transverse magnetic (TM)-polarized modes with considerably symmetric single-modal profiles and show good transmission properties (propagation loss as low as 1.0 dB/cm). The detailed structure of the single and double claddings has been imaged by means of μ-Raman analysis, and the observed slight fabrication asymmetries with respect to an ideal circular cladding are in well agreement with the observed differences in TE/TM propagation losses. Importantly, the Raman imaging shows the complete absence of lattice defect at the laser active volume. Under the optical pumping at 808 nm, a maximum output power up to 0.43 W of the continuous wave waveguide laser with a slope efficiency of 52.3% has been achieved in the double-cladding waveguide, which is 21.6% and 23% higher than that from a single-inner cladding waveguide. Furthermore, the maximum output power of the waveguide laser is 72% higher than that of the double-line waveguide due to the double-cladding design.

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Hongliang Liu, Javier R. Vázquez de Aldana, Magdalena Aguiló, Francesc Díaz, Feng Chen, and Airán Ródenas Seguí "Femtosecond laser-written double-cladding waveguides in Nd:GdVO₄ crystal: Raman analysis, guidance, and lasing," Optical Engineering 53(9), 097105 (9 September 2014). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.9.097105

Published: 9 September 2014

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