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1 September 2017 Surface emitting ring quantum cascade lasers for chemical sensing
Rolf Szedlak, Jakob Hayden, Pedro Martín-Mateos, Martin Holzbauer, Andreas Harrer, Benedikt Schwarz, Borislav Hinkov, Donald MacFarland, Tobias Zederbauer, Hermann Detz, Aaron Maxwell Andrews, Werner Schrenk, Pablo Acedo, Bernhard Lendl, Gottfried Strasser
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Funded by: Austrian Science Fund, Competence Center Austrian Smart Systems Integration Research Center, Austrian Academy of Sciences
Optical Engineering, Vol. 57, Issue 1, 011005 (September 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.57.1.011005
Abstract
We review recent advances in chemical sensing applications based on surface emitting ring quantum cascade lasers (QCLs). Such lasers can be implemented in monolithically integrated on-chip laser/detector devices forming compact gas sensors, which are based on direct absorption spectroscopy according to the Beer–Lambert law. Furthermore, we present experimental results on radio frequency modulation up to 150 MHz of surface emitting ring QCLs. This technique provides detailed insight into the modulation characteristics of such lasers. The gained knowledge facilitates the utilization of ring QCLs in combination with spectroscopic techniques, such as heterodyne phase-sensitive dispersion spectroscopy for gas detection and analysis.
CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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Rolf Szedlak, Jakob Hayden, Pedro Martín-Mateos, Martin Holzbauer, Andreas Harrer, Benedikt Schwarz, Borislav Hinkov, Donald MacFarland, Tobias Zederbauer, Hermann Detz, Aaron Maxwell Andrews, Werner Schrenk, Pablo Acedo, Bernhard Lendl, and Gottfried Strasser "Surface emitting ring quantum cascade lasers for chemical sensing," Optical Engineering 57(1), 011005 (1 September 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.57.1.011005
Received: 2 June 2017; Accepted: 9 August 2017; Published: 1 September 2017
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Cited by 8 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Quantum cascade lasers
Sensors
Biological and chemical sensing
Modulation
Frequency modulation
Spectroscopy
Absorption
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