Fractional arrays of vortex beams with different topological charges (TCs) can potentially be used to improve the efficiency of optical communication. However, when the incident light is non-monochromatic, high-order diffraction of vortex beam arrays, which is naturally generated by traditional two-dimensional fork gratings, always superimposes on the useful first order, resulting in the complexity of the subsequent spectrum decoding. Herein, we propose a planar crossed-fork gratings (PCFGs) that can effectively eliminate high-order diffraction. Compared to sinusoidal fork gratings, the PCFGs is a binarized structure and features sinusoidal transmittance, bypassing the need to fabricate a complex three-dimensional structure to achieve sinusoidal transmittance, and therefore its fabrication is compatible with semiconductor processes. Numerical simulations and experimental results consistently show that the PCFGs can effectively suppress second-order and high-order diffractions, retaining only |
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Diffraction
Diffraction gratings
Optical gratings
Transmittance
Signal intensity
Technetium
Optical engineering