9 July 2024 Cascoded active quencher using a bipolar transistor for fast discharging of a single-photon avalanche
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Abstract

An active quenching circuit in 0.35 μm bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) technology with a high quenching slew rate is introduced. Quenching transients of an integrated single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) measured by means of an integrated mini-pad are shown. An NPN transistor as quenching switch enables an active quenching time of 350 ps from an excess bias voltage of 6.6 V and a quenching slew rate of 15 V/ns. Active resetting of the SPAD can be achieved in 550 ps. The power consumption of the BiCMOS quenching circuit is 8.6 mW at 40 Mcounts/s and 3 mW in the idle state.

© 2024 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Bernhard Goll, Michael Hofbauer, and Horst Zimmermann "Cascoded active quencher using a bipolar transistor for fast discharging of a single-photon avalanche," Optical Engineering 63(7), 076102 (9 July 2024). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.63.7.076102
Received: 28 November 2023; Accepted: 14 June 2024; Published: 9 July 2024
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KEYWORDS
Quenching

Single photon avalanche diodes

Transistors

Computed tomography

Circuit switching

Picosecond phenomena

CMOS technology

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