We recently discovered a novel ultrafast coupling mechanism of femtosecond solitons via coherent optical phonons inside a solid-state laser cavity, forming stably bound states - “Soliton molecules”[1]. Moreover, preceding the stable binding, the relative motion of two solitons can be harnessed to sample THz phonons using real-time spectroscopy within a single rapid all-optical delay sweep. In this contribution, we discuss the sampling and contrast mechanism for highspeed spectroscopy and compare the scheme to conventional extra-cavity time-domain Raman sampling schemes.
[1] A. Völkel et al., Intracavity Raman Scattering couples Soliton Molecules with Terahertz Phonons, Nature Comms. 13 (1) (2022)
Bound-states of temporal solitons − termed “Soliton molecules” or “Soliton crystals” – are observed in microcavities and ultrafast resonators. Recently, we introduced high-speed spectroscopy to resolve the formation and control of such states in mode-locked Ti:sapphire oscillators by employing real-time spectral interferometry [1,2].
In this contribution, we resolve a novel mechanism mediating short-range soliton bound-states based on real-time measurements and by introducing a refined analysis of relative soliton phases. We corroborate our findings with a numerical interaction model for the coherent soliton coupling and discuss prospects for future schemes of high-speed intra-cavity spectroscopy.
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