Active matter is based on the concepts of nonequilibrium thermodynamics applied to the most diverse disciplines. Active Brownian particles, unlike their passive counterparts, self-propel and give rise to complex behaviors distinctive of active matter. As the field is relatively recent, active matter still lacks curricular inclusion. Here, we propose macroscopic experiments using Hexbugs, a commercial toy robot, demonstrating effects peculiar of active systems, such as the setting into motion of passive objects via active particles, the sorting of active particles based on their mobility and chirality. Additionally, we provide a demonstration of Casimir-like attraction between planar objects mediated by active particles.
Active matter bridges the fundamental physics of nonequilibrium thermodynamics with applications spanning from biophysics to robotics. Active particles can harness energy to generate complex motions and emerging behaviors. Most active-matter experiments are performed with microscopic particles and require advanced microfabrication and microscopy techniques. Here, we propose some macroscopic experiments with active matter employing commercially available toy robots, i.e., the Hexbugs. We show that Hexbugs perform active and chiral active motion, can set passive objects into motion and rotation. Finally, we show how to sort Hexbug by motility and chirality, and macroscopic demonstration of the Casimir-like activity-induced attraction between planar objects.
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