Ms. Candice L. Didychuk Profile

Candice L. Didychuk

R&D Scientist at Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd

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Proceedings Article | 28 February 2008 Paper

Synthesis and in vitro cytotoxicity of mPEG-SH modified gold nanorods

Candice Didychuk, Pinhas Ephrat, Michelle Belton, Jeffrey J. Carson

Proceedings Volume 6856, 68560M (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.763765

KEYWORDS: Gold, Transmission electron microscopy, Absorption, Near infrared, Biomedical optics, Absorbance, In vitro testing, Optical properties, In vivo imaging, Nanorods

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Plasmon-resonant gold nanorods show great potential as an agent for contrast-enhanced biomedical imaging or for phototherapeutics. This is primarily due to the high molar extinction coefficient at the absorption maximum and the dependence of the wavelength of the absorption maximum on the aspect ratio, which is tunable in the near-infrared (NIR) during synthesis. Although gold nanorods can be produced in high-yield through the seed-mediated growth technique, the presence of residual cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a stabilizing surfactant required for nanorod growth, interferes with cell function and causes cytotoxicity. To overcome this potential obstacle to in vivo use, we synthesized gold nanorods and conjugated them to a methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-thiol (mPEG ₍₅₀₀₀₎-SH). This approach yielded mPEG-SH modified gold nanorods with optical and morphometric properties that were similar to raw (CTAB) nanorods. Both the CTAB and mPEG-SH nanorods were tested for cytotoxicity against the HL-60 human leukemia cell line by trypan blue exclusion, and the mPEG-SH modified gold nanorods were also tested against a rat insulinoma (RIN-38) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCCVII) cell line. Cells incubated for 24 h with the mPEG-SH modified nanorods had little change in cell viability compared to cells incubated with vehicle alone. This was in contrast to cytotoxicity of CTAB nanorods on HL-60 cells. These results suggest that mPEG-SH modified gold nanorods are better suited for cell loading protocols and injection into animals and facilitate their use for imaging and phototherapeutic purposes.

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