This paper reviews sensing applications of optical fibre microwires and nanowires. In addition to the usual benefits of
sensors based on optical fibres, these sensors are extremely compact and have fast response speeds. In this review
sensors will be grouped in three categories according to their morphology: linear sensors, resonant sensors and tip
sensors. While linear and resonant sensors mainly exploit the fraction of power propagating outside the microwire
physical boundary, tip sensors take advantage of the extreme light confinement to sense chemicals within minute areas.
The Q-factor of the optical nanowire microcoil resonator is calculated and compared for different geometries. The results suggest that the Q-factor is very sensitive to the coupling conditions and high-Q resonators can be obtained more easily when the geometry of the nanowire microcoil resonator or its coupling contour has a bi-conical profile.
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