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Effective treatment of cancer has always been a medical field that is constantly being explored all over the world. Currently, the main means of cancer treatment are surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent years, the application of nanomaterials in the field of biomedicine has been highly anticipated. Nanomedicine is safer and more effective than traditional therapies, especially in distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissues. Nanomedicine plays an irreplaceable role in targeted drug controlled release system. Among them, silica nanoparticle-based and functionalized systems with highly controllable size and shape, low toxicity, good biocompatibility, stability in physiological conditions, and stimuli-responsive capping agents have promoted this research. A functional polymer with dual or triple response to silica nanocarriers provides a reliable solution for precise control of release and enhancement of cancer curative effect. This paper focuses on the experimental research of introducing multifunctional stimulus-responsive mesoporous silica nano-drug carriers, and provides some opinions on typical successful drug delivery, which are as follows. (1) Dual-pH sequential release of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and paclitaxel (PTX) was achieved using mesoporous silica nanoparticles coated with polyacrylic acid (PAA) and pH sensitive lipids (PSL); (2) Efficient encapsulation of DOX with HMSN, followed by β-cyclodextrin overlaid on the disulfide bond of glutathione, and finally the surface of the particles was decorated with amantanide-containing citrate functionalized polylysine (PLL(cit)-Ad) for pH/GSH-dual responsive controlled release through subject-object interaction; (3) Atom transfer radical polymerization which is initiated on surface developed based on PDEAEMA-modified hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSN) as pH-, reduction-, and light-responsive nanocarriers. Finally, potential problems and development prospects of multifunctional MSNs for biocarrier are summarized.
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