Models for estimating the buoyancy fluxes of smoke plumes from high-altitude stacks are proposed using direct and indirect calculation methods. These methods are based on similarity and dimension relations for smoke jets propagating in a wind flow and data from aerological sounding. In an indirect method for calculating the rise height of smoke mixtures and the buoyancy flux, satellite information is used on the distribution of plumes and the position of their shadows on the earth's surface. Approbation of the proposed methods was carried out for high-altitude pipes of a number of large thermal power plants in Siberia. Estimates of buoyancy flows and rise heights of smoke plumes for the CHP pipes under consideration are made. Quite satisfactory agreement was established between the results calculated by both methods.
On the basis of the asymptotic of solutions of the turbulent diffusion equation, models are proposed for estimating the concentration fields of sulfur dioxides, nitrogen, and submicron fractions of aerosol particles from measurements in the village of Listvyanka at the EANET station. The most significant sources of these impurities are large thermal power plants located in the cities of Irkutsk, Angarsk, Shelekhov. The main attention is paid to the analysis of episodes of the passage of the CHPP smoke plumes through the observation point. Measurement data from meteorological and aerological stations are used as additional information. For the territory of South Baikal, the results of the numerical reconstruction of concentration fields and the estimation of the transformation parameters of pollutants from remote sources are presented.
Models of estimating the emissions from thermal power plants in the lower atmosphere using satellite information are presented. Satellite images of smoke plumes from pipes of thermal stations can be used to quickly receive in visual form the current information about the plumes. The equations of hydro-and thermo-dynamics of the atmosphere are used as additional conditions in the estimation models. A numerical model is proposed for restoring the characteristics of the active phase of smoke plume ascents from high-altitude sources, and the results of calculations of these parameters for a thermal power plant in Novosibirsk are presented. This approach is shown to be efficient in the winter period, when large amounts of emissions of smoke mixtures are characteristic and the shadows of their plumes on the earth's surface stand in marked contrast. The results of the research can be used to monitor the negative impact of industrial enterprises on the environment and to assess possible harm to public health.
The plumes of smoke from the pipes of the industrial enterprises characterize the processes of distribution of pollution in the atmosphere. They are well visible in the satellite images of territories of the cities. This study is aimed at the assessment of parameters of emissions and characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer according to satellite information. To this end, the hydrodynamics equations are used. The vertical profile of the wind is estimated with the use of the Ekman model and data of aerological sounding. On additional height of a source is calculated by the value of an angle of the sun above the horizon and the location of a shade plumes of smoke in the satellite images. For controlling the accuracy of estimation of an additional height of raising a plumes of smoke, the numerical method is used. It is based on the ratios with allowance a dynamic impulse of emission and a heat flux of buoyancy. In relation to the winter conditions, estimates of effective heights of raising plumes of smoke for large thermoelectric plants of Novosibirsk are carried out. With the use of meteorological and satellite information, the wind profiles in the lower atmosphere are calculated. The methods offered can be used for the analysis of processes of air pollution in the city.
The method to calculate the wind fields in the low atmosphere based on the use of satellite images of smoke plumes from the chimneys of industrial plants various heights is proposed. The model is based on Ekman layer equations. The results of calculations of the vertical profiles of wind velocity components and the coefficient of the turbulent exchange are given for the city of Omsk, an example. Possibilities of using approach to analyze the processes of pollution of urban atmosphere are discussed.
With satellite data on pollution of snow cover and data of meteorological observations, some fields of dust sedimentation from high chimneys of the Iskitim cement plant are studied. In the absence of snowfalls, a possibility to analyze of the areas of pollution, which are formed in time intervals from several days to several weeks in the vicinities of industrial enterprises, is shown.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.