Dr. Dwain K. Butler Profile

Dr. Dwain K. Butler

Sr. Science Advisor at Alion Science and Tech Corp

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2003 Paper

Enhanced discrimination capability for UXO geophysical surveys

Dwain Butler, Leonard Pasion, Stephen Billings, Douglas Oldenburg, Don Yule

Proceedings Volume 5089, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.486978

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Magnetism, Data acquisition, Electromagnetism, Sensors, Unexploded object detection, Roads, Signal to noise ratio, Algorithm development, Target acquisition

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Approximately 75% of buried UXO cleanup costs are expended excavating false alarm anomalies (i.e., digging on the locations of geophysical anomalies that are not caused by UXO). Although probabilities of detection at documented UXO test sites are commonly >90%, there is little documented discrimination capability. This lack of discrimination capability leads to excessively high false alarm rates for both test site and live site surveys. Despite considerable advances in quantitative interpretation methods for discrimination, the state of practice is qualitative or empirical. The UXO thrust of the Army Engineer Research and Development Center's (ERDC) Environmental Quality Technology Program seeks to develop enhanced detection and discrimination capability for survey data from total field magnetometry, time-domain electromagnetic induction, and frequency-domain electromagnetic induction methods. Enhanced discrimination capability by formal geophysical inversion is demonstrated at documented test sites and live sites. A current emphasis is the development of formal inversion procedures that utilize the information content in multiple geophysical datasets. Two approaches are considered: (1) cooperative or constrained inversion; and (2) joint inversion. Cooperative inversion is the process of using inversion parameters from one dataset to constrain the inversion of other data. In true joint inversion, the target model parameters common to the forward models for each type of data are identified and the procedure seeks to recover the model parameters from all the survey data simultaneously. High-quality datasets acquired at seeded test sites at Former Fort Ord, California, demonstrate the confidence in applying these two approaches to discrimination of UXO from non-UXO targets.

Proceedings Article | 12 May 1995 Paper

Applied geophysical techniques to evaluate earth dams and foundations

Jose Llopis, Michael Sharp, Dwain Butler, Donald Yule

Proceedings Volume 2457, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.209402

KEYWORDS: General packet radio service, Fourier transforms, Geophysics, Ground penetrating radar, Surface plasmons, Magnesium, Electromagnetism, Interfaces, Curtains, Chlorine

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Mill Creek Dam, near Walla Walla, Washington has experienced anomalous seepage since its first filling in 1941. Various attempts to abate and control the seepage, including construction of a concrete wall, have not been completely successful. Construction of the cutoff wall reduced the seepage by about 30 percent, from 33 cubic feet per second to 22 cubic feet per second, and downstream saturated farmland was reduced by 56 percent. However, there are indications of increased seepage pressures in a conglomerate formation in the right abutment. A comprehensive, integrated geophysics investigation of the right abutment area of the dam was conducted to detect and map anomalous conditions and assist in the evaluation of remedial measures. The geophysics program consisted of microgravity, ground penetrating radar, seismic reflection, electromagnetic conductivity, and electrical resistivity surveying. Results of the program indicate anomalous conditions extending from the reservoir area through the right abutment. The aspects of the program planning leading to technique selection and field procedures are emphasized, as well as the role of different geophysical techniques in defining the nature of anomalous condition.

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