Classical tomographic imaging is soundly understood and widely employed in medicine, nondestructive testing and security applications. However, it still offers many challenges when it comes to dynamic tomography. Indeed, in classical tomography, the target is usually assumed to be stationary during the data acquisition, but this is not a realistic model. Moreover, to ensure a lower X-ray radiation dose, only a sparse collection of measurements per time step is assumed to be available. With such a set up, we deal with a sparse data, dynamic tomography problem, which clearly calls for regularization, due to the loss of information in the data and the ongoing motion. In this paper, we propose a 3D variational formulation based on 3D shearlets, where the third dimension accounts for the motion in time, to reconstruct a moving 2D object. Results are presented for real measured data and compared against a 2D static model, in the case of fan-beam geometry. Results are preliminary but show that better reconstructions can be achieved when motion is taken into account.
Region-of-interest (ROI) reconstruction in computed tomography (CT) is a problem receiving increasing attention in the medical imaging community, due to its potential to lower exposure to X-ray radiation and to reduce the scanning time. Since the ROI reconstruction problem requires to deal with truncated projection images, classical CT reconstruction algorithms tend to become very unstable and the solution of this problem requires either ad hoc analytic formulas or more sophisticated numerical schemes. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for ROI CT reconstruction, formulated as a convex optimization problem with a regularized functional based on shearlets or wavelets. Our numerical implementation consists of an iterative algorithm based on the scaled gradient projection method. As illustrated by numerical tests in the context of fan beam CT, our algorithm is insensitive to the location of the ROI and remains very stable also when the ROI size is rather small.
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