Our report details a novel approach using polarization holography for the precise detection of vector vortex beams' (VVBs) polarization distribution. We will discuss multiple methodologies facilitated by this technique, offering insights into VVBs' characterization. Upon successful detection, we extract the VVBs' polarization states, allowing for their accurate placement on the Poincaré sphere. The obtained results affirm polarization holography's potential as an effective alternative to conventional measurement methods. This advancement propels polarization holography towards widespread adoption in optical component processing.
Polarization holography is a newly researched field, that has gained traction with the development of tensor theory. It primarily focuses on the interaction between polarization waves and photosensitive materials. The extraordinary capabilities in modulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light have resulted in several new applications, such as holographic data storage technology, polarization multiplexing, vector or vortex beams, and optical functional devices. In this paper, fundamental research on polarization holography with linear polarized light, a component of the theory of polarization holography, has been reviewed. Primarily, the effect of various polarization changes on the linear and nonlinear polarization characteristics of reconstructed light wave under continuous exposure and during holographic recording and reconstruction have been focused upon. The polarization modulation realized using these polarization characteristics exhibits unusual functionalities, rendering polarization holography as an attractive research topic in many fields of applications.
The old theory of polarization holography is based on Jones matrix formalism, where the angle between two lights to be interfered each other should be small, and the results are limited under the paraxial approximation. However, since the tensor theory of polarization holography was proposed, the research of polarized holography has become hot, and has made a lot of new progress. There are also many researching works of reconstruction characteristics have been reported. One of the examples is that multi-channel recording was applied to data storage high density recording. In this paper, the representative works are introduced.
In the tensor polarization holography theory, parameters A and B represent the scalar and tensor coefficients of the photo-induced change in the dielectric tensor, respectively. A/B is called the exposure response coefficient, a key factor for manipulating the polarization state of the reconstructed wave in polarization holography. We measure the initial exposure response coefficient of the polarization-sensitive material, phenanthrenequinone-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA), and analyze the effect of the interference angle and the polarization states of the signal and reference waves on the coefficient in linear polarization holography. To better understand the linear polarization holography, we develop a formula to describe the law of the initial exposure response coefficient.
Polarization grating (PG) divides the incident wave into the left- and right-handed circularly polarized waves, the intensities of two waves depending on the state of polarization of incident wave. Large deflection angle of the commercial PG is usually made by the grating cascade due to the limit of grating period. While using the tensor polarization holography theory, arbitrary deflection angles of PGs have been designed, where the polarization-sensitive material phenanthraquinone-doped polymethyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA) is utilized as the recording medium in our experiments. We have made PG with the deflection angle of 40°.
Vector vortex beams (VVBs) have attracted world’s attention due to its promise of unprecedented capabilities for applications. It is important that develop an easy and feasible method to character the spatially inhomogeneous distribution of polarization of VVB. In this paper, we propose a method for measuring the polarization distribution of arbitrary vector vortex beams using polarization holography. The experimental results show that the results measured by polarization holography for VVBs are basically similar to those measured by the conventional method. We believe that polarization holography is expected to become a popular optical component processing technology in future.
There are many ways to realize null reconstruction in polarization holography, which can be divided into two types. One is the null reconstruction without exposure response coefficient constraint, and the other is the null reconstruction limited by the exposure response coefficient. On the basis of previous studies, we have further studied these two types of null reconstruction, and obtained the necessary conditions for realizing the two types of null reconstruction under arbitrary interference angle and polarization state.
In Big Data era, holographic data storage has become a good candidate recording technology, because of there are not only large storage capacities, but also high transfer rates. However, the realized capacity of it has a big gap to the theory. Polarization holography, a newly researched field, with the extraordinary capabilities in modulating the amplitude, phase, and polarization of light have resulted in several new applications, such as holographic storage technology, multichannel polarization multiplexing, vector beams, and optical functional devices. In this paper, the fundamental research on polarization holography with linear polarized light, a component of the theory of polarization holography, has been introduced. The polarization modulation realized using these polarization characteristics exhibits unusual functionalities, rendering polarization holography as an attractive research topic in a novel method for increasing the capacity of holographic data storage has been provided.
Polarization holography has gained traction with the development of tensor theory. It primarily focuses on the interaction between polarization waves and photosensitive materials. By introducing the polarization characteristics of light into conventional holography, more degrees of freedom can be provided to control optical information. Based on the polarization modulation of polarization hologram, we propose a method to realize bifocal-polarization holographic lens in volume hologram. Two foci can be generated simultaneously or separately by changing the polarization state of the reading wave. The material used is a PQ/PMMA polarization sensitive medium, the thickness is 1.5mm. The bifocal-polarization holographic lens has 112 mm clear aperture and 446mm focal length.
The tensor polarization holography theory has predicated some phenomena and been verified by the experiments. In the theory, the parameters α and β represent the scalar and tensor coefficients of the photoinduced change in dielectric tensor respectively. The ratio of α to β, called the exposure response coefficient, is a key to manipulate the polarization state of reconstructed waves and deepen the understanding of tensor polarization holography theory. In this work, for the polarization-sensitive material, phenanthrenequinone-doped poly methyl methacrylate (PQ/PMMA), we analyze the effect of interference angle and the polarization states of signal wave on the initial exposure response coefficient when the reference wave is s-polarized in linear polarization holography.
This paper analyzed the security of random phase encryption holographic storage technology. Taking binary random phase as an example, the recorded hologram is continually readout by series guessing reference. The experiment showed that the correlation coefficient between readout information and the recorded information was firstly decreased and then increased when the phase correct ratio of guessing reference is increased from 0% to 100%. The recorded information can’t be readout at all when the phase correct ratio of guessing reference range from 40% to 60%. Since the guessing reference with phase correct ratio between 40% and 60% has occupied majority guessing cases, the recorded information can’t be cracked in most cases. This indicates the high security of the random phase encryption storage technique.
Based on tensor polarization holography, the variation of exposure response coefficient with the increase of exposure energy under different recording process is introduced in this paper. We find that different recording processes have different effects on the exposure response coefficient. However, at the beginning of exposure, there is an initial value of the exposure response coefficient independent of the holographic recording process. With this special phenomenon, polarization modulation of reconstructed wave can be easily realized at low exposure energy, such as faithful reconstruction, orthogonal reconstruction and null reconstruction.
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